Archive for the ‘Prostate Cancer’ Category
Vaccine does cure prostate cancer in mice
An important progress in the development of vaccines researchers performed genetic University of Leeds, UK, and the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, United States.
This is the use of a virus containing DNA fragments that are the cause of prostate cancer, which when injected in the blood of diseased mice produce large amounts of antibodies that end up destroying the tumor. The encouraging results are published in the latest edition of Nature Medicine.
Until now, researchers feared that a vaccine with several genes could cause a real explosion immune system, which could get out of control and cause death.
So they were surprised to see that the current vaccine works smoothly and has the desired effects are to destroy malignant cells. Read the rest of this entry »
Prostate Cancer
Overview
Cancer occurs when normal cells in the prostate begin to change and grow uncontrollably and form a mass called a tumor. A tumor can be benign (not cancerous) or malignant (cancerous, meaning it can spread to other parts of the body).
About the prostate gland
The prostate is a gland the size of a walnut that is located behind the penis in front of the rectum and below the bladder. It surrounds the urethra, a tube-like tube that carries urine and semen through the penis. The main function of the prostate is to produce seminal fluid, the liquid in semen that protects, supports and helps transport sperm.
Prostate cancers
Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor that starts in the prostate gland of men. Some prostate cancers grow very slowly and may not cause symptoms or problems for years. In this situation, the cause of death is usually not the prostate cancer but for other reasons. Many times when a man develops prostate cancer at an older age, is unlikely to cause symptoms or shorten the life of man may not be needed aggressive treatment. However, if the cancer spreads to other parts of the body (metastasize), can cause pain, fatigue and other symptoms. Prostate cancer is somewhat unusual compared to other cancers, as many diagnosed tumors do not spread from the prostate.And often, even metastatic prostate cancer can be treated successfully, and the person can survive with good health for some years.
How common is prostate cancer?
Yes, more and more. For example, in U.S. prostate cancer has overtaken lung cancer and colon and has become the most common cancer in males. In Spain, it is also one of the most common and important of the male population.
To what age is becoming more relevant?
usually is exceptional detect prostate cancer below 40 years and remains very rare in men aged 50 years. From that age will increase the number of diagnosed cases. In the eighth decade of life is where most cases are diagnosed.
Is it true that if all men lived to age 100 would have prostate cancer?
Just about. Prostate cancer is most often diagnosed at autopsy in many men who have died for other reasons. This means that cancer is “microscopic”, ie they can only be evaluated through a study of prostate tissue and clinical cancer is one that gives symptoms. Not all cancers are discovered microscopic because before the patient dies of other causes.
Is it the same prostate cancer who “suffer from prostate” or benign prostatic hyperplasia?
Not at all. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is also a process linked to aging and tends to compress the urethra making it difficult emptying of urine from the bladder to produce a constellation of symptoms known as prostatism: difficulty in starting urination, getting up at night to urinate … whereas prostate cancer often produces no compression of the urethra, but that starts at the outside of the prostate. Another key difference is that BPH is not cancer and therefore does not produce the death of the patient while the prostate cancer depending on its stage, and other factors may be the cause of death. Read the rest of this entry »
Vaccine cures prostate cancer in rodents
The inoculation for humans created by scientists from the U.S. and the UK managed to undo the established tumors, without side effects, testing with mice.
London • Scientists in the U.S. and UK were able to treat established prostate tumors in mice with a vaccine for humans without side effects.
The researchers created a new approach to treatment that involves stimulating the immune system to rid itself of the tumors without the aid of chemotherapy or radiation.
As published in the journal Nature Medicine, the new vaccine was able to cure 80% of treated mice without causing apparent side effects caused by current treatments.
This same approach, they believe, can also be used as a treatment for other forms of cancer and have begun testing for melanoma.
Cancer vaccines are not new, but unlike the traditional acting to protect against infection, cancer work by causing the immune system to attack tumors that are already in the body. Read the rest of this entry »
Prostate cancer report symptoms only in advanced
Prostate cancer is a silent disease. The tumors arise and grow without the patient notice that something is wrong. Symptoms appear when the cancer is in advanced stage and when, probably exceeded the prostate and invade other organs. Early diagnosis is only possible with annual checkups that include digital rectal examination and blood test to measure PSA level. According to Elias Mora said Kumdoz (www.dreliasmorakumboz.blogspot.com), urologist and former Chief Metropolitan Polyclinic of Urology Cancer Hospital Padre Machado, the symptoms of advanced prostate cancer are often similar to those of BPH, which is the overgrowth of the prostate decreased in strength urination and need to urinate several times each night, mostly.
But sometimes they also have other symptoms as blood in urine, weight loss, fatigue, anemia and frequent fractures, if the cancer has spread to the bones. “As for the prognosis, medical science has made ??great progress. All patients who were diagnosed with prostate cancer at an early stage can be cured, if nature is not very aggressive, “said Mora. The burden of aggressiveness of the tumor depends on the genetic and biological potential. In the case of prostate cancer, this feature is still difficult to detect. “Survival depends on the biological potential of the tumor but can only presume pathologically” he says. Sometimes, when the cancer is advanced, androgen blockade is attempted to prevent further growing. “The tumors have cells that rely on testosterone to grow.
If you block the male hormone, sometimes the patient survives. But there are other cells that are not dependent on testosterone, the hormone-blocking is not always effective even when This principle itself is an improvement, “says Mora. There are only two ways to cause blocking hormonal drugs or with surgery to remove the testicles. Mora explained that a high level of PSA in the blood does not always mean cancer. “The antigen reveals prostate disease, which need not malignant but can be an infection or inflammation,” he explains. The first treatment a patient receives an upturn in its antigen is antibiotics. If they remain high, should be biopsied. In its infancy, it is recommended the removal of the tumor, usually by removing the entire prostate.
This can be done with traditional surgery, laparoscopic or robot. If the cancer has not spread, the nerves can be preserved, allowing the patient regain erectile function and urination. “Any of the three forms of surgery guarantee the same results. What is important to reduce the risk of future incontinence or erectile dysfunction, is the physician’s experience. The more transactions you have made, there is less risk of nerve damage, “he says.
What is prostate cancer?
Prostate cancer (the most common form is adenocarcinoma) is the malignant growth of prostate gland cells produced in the prostate gland. These cells multiply and may spread beyond the prostate gland. The prostate gland, which is about the size of a walnut, is located between the bladder and rectum of the male pelvis. One of the key functions of the prostate gland is to provide the nutrients you need sperm to mature sperm. The prostate secretes fluid that also help protect the sperm on their journey through the female reproductive system.
Click anatomy of the prostate for more information on the functioning of the prostate.
Prevalence
More than 70% of all prostate cancer cases diagnosed in the U.S. affect men over 65 years. The incidence of prostate cancer among African Americans and Jamaican origin is more than twice that among whites (70.4 / 100,000, compared to 28.8 / 100,000). This disease is common in North America and northwestern Europe, and considerably less common in Asia and South America (13.0 / 100,000 and 23.5 / 100,000, compared to 28.8 / 100,000). (American Cancer Society, Cancer Facts and Figures 2005 , pg. 18). Recent studies indicate that genetic genetic predisposition may be the cause of 5-10% of prostate cancers. Data from the Study of the Cancer Prevention II and published in the journal European Urology * indicate that dietary habits also influence the development of the disease. Because of this relationship between nutrition, physical activity and cancer, American Cancer Society published in 2002 updated guidelines for nutrition and physical activity.
Screening
digital rectal examination (DRE) and blood tests to measure prostate specific antigen (PSA) are the two most common screening measures to detect prostate cancer. Click Test and stages for more information about testing for prostate cancer and how your doctor determines the stage of the cancer of the prostate. Read the rest of this entry »
Prostate Cancer
Advances in the diagnosis of prostate cancer
British scientists are testing a genetic test that, they say, could detect which patients with prostate cancer need aggressive treatment.
Preliminary clinical trials show that men with high levels of genes responsible for cell cycle progression (CCP) have the more serious tumors.
CCP test could also potentially prevent many men with milder forms of the disease are subjected to unnecessary aggressive treatment.
As the scientists in the journal Lancet Oncology, will now be necessary to conduct larger clinical trials.
Anxiety and risk
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men. Only in the UK are diagnosed about 37,000 new cases of the disease each year.
Currently, physicians face many difficulties to predict how aggressive prostate tumors are because the available tests and examinations are sketchy.
It’s really encouraging that this may also apply to prostate cancer, with which we desperately need a way to predict how aggressive the disease is
For example, one of the tests currently used, the prostate-specific antigen (PSA), may yield results “worrying” even if a tumor is present. Read the rest of this entry »
Prostate cancer, prevention is better than removing
The prostate is a gland in the male reproductive system that produces some of the seminal fluid. Prostate cancer, age-related, is more common in men over 65 years. According to Alirio Salinas urologist in the United States is the most common cancer in men and Europe is second only to lung cancer.
Cancer can manifest in individuals with family history, genetically predisposed. These generated an alteration of the chromosomes that triggers the production of testosterone, male hormone that increases the risk of tumor formation. Another risk factor is the high-fat diet, one hypothesis suggests that influences the formation of cancer and Asian populations have a lower risk of prostate cancer, while the Anglo-Saxon living in the area have a higher risk due to consumption of foods rich in saturated fats is very high. Africans and South Americans would have a medium risk.
Prostate cancer has three stages and is curable only in the first two, when by means of digital rectal examination detected nodules located somewhere in the prostate. By further examination is required the level of antigen, a substance that is released from the prostate and circulating in minute quantities in the blood. Read the rest of this entry »
Liver Cancer
The liver is the largest internal organ of the body. It is also known as liver cancer or primary hepatoma and carcinoma Hepatocellular cancer that arises from the liver. The liver performs several vital functions. Processes and stores many of the nutrients absorbed from the intestine. It also makes some of the clotting factors needed to stop bleeding from a cut or injury. Hemangioma (he-man-GE-O-muh) is the most common benign liver tumor. Begins in blood vessels and liver adenomas are benign tumors that ignite the main type of liver cells (hepatocytes). Women have a much higher chance of having one of these tumors if they take pills, birth control, although this is rare . Stopping the pills can make the tumor shrink. The liver adenomascancer begins at many points through the liver and is not confined to a single tumor. This is seen in people with cirrhosis of the liver and is most often be the most common pattern seen in the United States.
Liver tumors also called Liver cancer. Hepatic tumors are tumors or growths are on or in the liver. There are many forms of liver tumors premary bad. Bad cancer, primary liver carcinoma hepatocellular (also named hepatoma, which is a misnomer). These growths can be benign or malignant (cancerous). Can be found in medical imaging (even for a different reason than the cancer itself). Most of the time when cancer is found in the liver, did not start there but spread to the liver cancer that started somewhere in the body. These tumors are named after the place where they began (primary site) and further described as metastatic. Symptoms may include a lump or pain on the right of your abdomen and yellowing of the skin. However, you can not have symptoms and the cancer can not be found until it progresses .
Some researchers believe that cancer starts with damage to the DNA material that contains instructions for every chemical process in your body, including the rate of cell growth. Changes of the causes of DNA damage in these instructions. Liver cancer also occurs as metastatic cancer, which occurs when tumors of other body parts were separated (metastasize) to the liver. In liver cancer some cells begin to grow abnormally. One result is that cells may begin to grow out of control and eventually form a tumor mass of malignant cells. In the United States, most cancer found in the liver separated there after originating elsewhere. Rather than being called liver cancer, this type of liver cancer is named after the organ in which it began such as metastatic colon cancer in cancer that starts in the colon and spreads to the liver.
Causes of liver cancer
Virus infection of hepatitis B (HBV) is the leading cause of liver cancer. Liver cancer relates to (correlates to) the frequency of chronic virus B hepatitis . Animal studies have also provided the virus of hepatitis B can cause liver cancer. For example, liver cancer becomes other mammals naturally infected with the virus-related virus of hepatitis B . Finally, transgenic mice infected with parts of virus B hepatitis , did scientists become liver cancer in mice do not develop normally liver cancer.
Liver Cancer Symptoms
Liver cancer is very common countries of the larges in all over the world. Is found generally in an advanced stage of cancer disease for several reasons. In addition, patients in these regions actually have more aggressive disease of liver cancer. vivo tumor cancer reaches an advanced stage and causes usually symptoms more quickly. Abdominal pain is the most common symptom of liver cancer and it means generally a very large tumor or widespread involvement of the liver and other symptom is weight loss. These symptoms are less common in individuals with liver cancer in use are also symptoms of ascites (abdominal fluid and swelling), jaundice (yellowing of the skin), or muscle wasting.
Liver Cancer Treatment
The treatment of liver cancer patient’s overall condition. First treatment if liver cancer is chemotherapy. Chemotherapy drugs are very powerful to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy is not effective anot some cases of liver cancer but the type of chemotherapy is known as chemoembolization is an important part of treatment for HCC. chemoembolization causes many of the same side effects as other forms of chemotherapy, including pain, nausea and vomiting abdominal. The second treatment is surgery. Surgery is the best treatment for localized resectable cancer is usually an operation known as surgical resection. In some cases, the area of the liver which is the cancer can be completely removed. The injection of alcohol has been shown to improve survival in people with small hepatocellular tumors. It can also be used to help reduce symptoms in cases of metastatic liver cancer. The effect is the most common side away from alcohol on the liver or abdominal cavity.
Do we know what causes stomach cancer?
There are many known risk factors for stomach cancer, but no one knows exactly how these factors cause cells of the stomach lining to become cancerous. This is currently being investigated.
Several changes, which are precancerous think may occur in the lining of the stomach.
One of these is the atrophic gastritis, a condition in which the normal stomach glands have decreased or disappeared. In addition, there is some degree of inflammation (immune system cells damaged patient’s cells in the stomach) . Infection with H pylori often causes atrophic gastritis. No one knows exactly why this condition develops cancer.
Another change that could also be cancerous is the intestinal metaplasia, in which the normal lining of the stomach is replaced with cells that closely resemble the cells that normally line the intestine. People with this condition usually also have chronic atrophic gastritis. It is not known exactly how or why this change occurs and becomes stomach cancer. This could also be related to infection by Helicobacter pylori.
Recent research has provided some clues about how they form some stomach cancers. For example, the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, particularly certain subtypes can convert certain food substances into chemicals that cause mutations (changes) in the DNA of cells lining the stomach. This may also explain why certain foods such as preserved meats, increase a person’s risk of developing stomach cancer. Moreover, some foods that decrease the risk of stomach cancer contain antioxidants, which can block substances that damage the DNA of a cell.
In recent years, some scientists have made great progress in understanding how certain changes in DNA can cause normal stomach cells grow abnormally and form a cancer. DNA is the chemical in every cell that carries our genes (instructions on how our cells). Resemble our parents because they are the source of our DNA. However, DNA affects more than just our appearance.
Some genes contain instructions for controlling when cells must grow and divide. Certain genes that promote cell division are called oncogenes . Other conditions that cause cell division or cause cells to die at the right time are called tumor suppressor genes . Cancer can be caused by changes in DNA that activate oncogenes or inactivate tumor suppressor genes.
There are also genes that produce enzymes to repair DNA when it undergoes abnormal changes. If you lose or damage these genes, this may also result in cancer.
Inherited abnormalities of some of these types of genes (as explained in ” What are the risk factors for stomach cancer? “) can increase a person’s risk of developing stomach cancer. However, most genetic changes that lead to stomach cancer occurs after birth. Heritable genetic changes are responsible for only a small percentage of cancers of the stomach.