Carsinoma Doctor

Archive for the ‘What is Carcinoma’ Category

It is a type of kidney cancer in which cancer cells are found in the lining of very small tubes (tubules) in the kidney.

Causes and Risk Factors
Renal cell carcinoma is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults and occurs most often in people 50 to 70 years of age.

There is no known exact cause.

Among the risk factors are:

Treatment with dialysis
Family history of disease
Genetics
Hypertension
Horseshoe kidney
Smoking
Von Hippel-Lindau disease (an inherited disease that affects the capillaries of the brain, eyes and other body parts)
Symptoms
Abdominal pain
Back pain
Blood in urine
Enlarged veins around the testicle (varicocele)
Flank pain
Swelling or enlargement of the abdomen
Unintentional weight loss
Other symptoms that may occur include:

Constipation
Cold intolerance
Excessive hair growth in women
Pallor
Vision abnormalities
Sometimes both kidneys are involved. The cancer spreads easily, usually to the lungs and other organs. In about a third of patients, the cancer has spread (metastasized) to the time of diagnosis.

They are carried by lymphatic or hematogenous. The invasion of these systems can be early (including, but exceptionally, in the incidental carcinoma). But currently there are more metastases in larger tumors. Hematogenous metastases to the bones can occur without a concomitant lymphatic spread. Metastases are the most frequent regional lymph node (lymph shutters, hypogastric and iliac). Bone metastases are the most common of the pelvis, vertebrae, femur and ribs. The most frequent visceral are the lungs, liver and adrenal glands.

Metastases are of great importance in prostate cancer, because, with few exceptions, mortality depends on them. Serologic prostate specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase are useful for clinical diagnosis of cancer or metastasis.

Carcinomas are malignant epithelial tumors. They are the most common malignant tumors and account for approximately 80% of all cancers. Generally occur in patients over 45 years, mostly in the seventh decade of life.

Generally spread first by local invasion, metastasis linfógenas and then later by hematogenous metastases. Macroscopically are firm, yellowish white or grayish, grainy cut surface and opaque granules correspond to the neoplastic parenchyma. Carcinomas of the skin and mucosal surfaces are presented in three main macroscopic forms:

* Upraised.
* Colon polyps or exophytic.
* Ulcerated and endophytic, or macroscopic form “infiltration”.
Schematic of the macroscopic forms of carcinomas arising in mucous
* Carcinoma polyposis.
* Carcinoma, villous polyp.
* Ulcerated carcinoma.
* Endophytic infiltrative carcinoma.